Three interesting posts this weeks about feminist sf. I count all three women as my friends. I’m going to link and cut-and-paste but not offer too much editorial input mainly because, frankly, typing really hurts right now.
First, here’s Timmi Duchamp over at Aqueduct:
Over at Torque Control, Niall Harrison has posted transcript of a BBC Woman’s Hour segment that I (and perhaps others) have been having a difficult time trying to access, featuring a discussion by Gwyneth Jones, Karen Traviss, and Farah Mendlesohn about their take on the current situation of women writers and readers in science fiction. The discussion opens with Gwyneth voicing her regret at not having adopted a male pseudonym from the beginning of her career. I can understand that regret, since–providing she either disguised her physical appearnce or chose not to have a public life as a writer, which is, to say the least, difficult these days, given how important a public face is for selling one’s work–she’d have been taken more seriously than she is now. (Arguably, she’s taken more seriously than just about any other woman science fiction writer today than Ursula K. Le Guin. But she is also, I think, regretting the effect of the female name on her sales.
You should read the transcript. It is the foundation on which Gwyneth was building in her Guardian podcast the other day. (Plus, it’s pretty damn interesting: it illuminates the state of British SF from the very different perspectives of two working writers.)
Then, in the same forum, Gwyneth Jones responds:
…it’s a shame if all sf books that feature a few female characters, having female lifes, are labelled feminist, & therefore marked as unreadable by large swathes of the general sf reading public. I have been worried about being part of that effect.
I’m in an awkward position in relation to the debate about the parlous state of “female sf writers” in the UK (where the situation really is bad, by the way. According to Torque Control, which I take to be reliable, only Trisha Sullivan and Justina Robson currently have mainstream publishing contracts). The trouble is, I believe that the “problem” the fans are are worrying over is largely of their own making. We get what we celebrate, says Dean Kamon (inventor and science populariser). I don’t know much about the man, but that sounds right. UKSF fandom has not celebrated female writers. Sf’s highly active fanbase says “it’s the publishers” but I don’t believe that. I’m sure genre publishers and editors have an agenda, and they probably favour traditional male-ordered sf, but they’re not fanatics. They follow the money. If the sf community had been getting excited about women writers, if sf novels by women had been anticipated, talked about, discussed, on an enthusiastic scale, the wider sf reading public would have taken notice, the publishers would have been seeing interesting sales figures and they’d have reacted positively.
It hasn’t happened.
Do read it. Gwyneth is always interesting. And she’s very sharp.
And then Cheryl Morgan responds to Gwyneth, on Cheryl’s Mewsings:
First wave feminism was the Suffragettes. That’s fairly clear. Second wave feminism was the movement that started in the 60s and 70s. In theory it was about equal rights for women in all areas of life. In practice it was sometimes more about equal rights for middle class white women, and occasionally about the rights of middle class white lesbian separatists. Sheila Jeffreys is a good example of how things can go so very badly wrong.
Third wave feminism, as I understand it, grew out of a cross-fertilization between feminism and the civil rights movement. Basically feminists realized that discrimination against women was just a small part of a much wider social problem. They also got the idea that working together with other groups on the bottom of the social ladder: people of color, the poor, LGBT people, the disabled and so on, would strengthen their position, not weaken it.
Third wave feminism, then, is not just about the “Battle of the Sexes”, it is about human rights. I’ll quite happily label a post about the rights of gay men “feminist”. But not everyone would. If you still see feminism as simply a matter of “men v women” then you may well see some of my posts as “seeing sexism where none exists” (as I and others have been accused of recently).
This is all thought-provoking stuff. I find I don’t much care for ‘wave’ labelling. It was different in both countries (I’ve lived a long time in both) and even within regions of those countries. And then in other countries (e.g. France and the Netherlands, and Australia and New Zealand). Feminism is evolving. Some of us stick at the place we’re comfortable. Some of us are never entirely comfortable. Some of us keep changing. Some of us just muddle along doing our best.
The point for me is that we all do have to keep trying, and talking, and figuring it out. And forgiving each other when we put our feet in our mouths. (Or when what we say gets misrepresented and/or taken out of context.)
I’ve just finished an interview with BBC Radio 4, which will be a two-part documentary about sf and the exploration of gender roles. I was ill. The interviewer I was expecting didn’t show up. There were technical problems. Much of what I say will be edited and presented out of order. (I’m not complaining; that’s how good multi-interviewee radio works.) What it sounds as though I’m saying to those who eventually listen to the documentary will most probably not much resemble what I was trying to convey. But we do our best. We muddle along. And meanwhile we try to learn from each other.
And the point is, after all, to talk about women writers as often as we can. Anyone got anyone they’d like to mention today?
Very interesting and thoughtful post, thank you. I also chose to publish with a gender-neutral name, and have no author photo in my novel; but, I also put my picture on my website. I felt that if fans were invested enough to go searching for me online, then finding out I'm a woman shouldn't put them off the books.
I do wish it wasn't the reality of SF, though.
I am especially intrigued abotu what was said regarding fears of labelling all SF work by women “feminist sf”, as it might polarize the audience negatively.
Mike Perschon, “The Steampunk Scholar”, just very recently posted on the same worries with the term “Bustlepunk” as a subcategory of Steampunk. http://steampunkscholar.blogspot.com/2011/05/bustlepunk-softer-cousin-of-steampunk.html
J.M. Frey, blimey, “Bustlepunk” = suppression in action. Gaaargh!!
Here's a thought. My wife is a 4th grade teacher. She says there isn't a lot of sf for that age (10ish). Yes, kids read fantasy.
I read sf when I was in high school but stopped. Why? Maybe because there were no female protagonists (I'm sure there were, but I didn't come across them). So is it cyclical? Girls don't read sf because there are no girls in them and publishers therefore don't publish girl sf because girls don't read it. And as we grow up without sf, we don't get into it as adults the way boys grew up with it and may keep reading it.
My wife is always looking for books (all genres) that have girls in them for her students–both boys and girls–to read.
Elaine, I'll put out a call in a day or two.
Pity the term “bustlepunk” is so adorable. But I suppose that's part of the problem really.
The latest novel that I fell in love with was God's War by Kameron Hurley (which incidentally is being marketed as “bugpunk” for no discernible reason)… badass flawed female protag, interesting race/gender dynamics and really fun “magic” which yes, involves bugs.
dave, another woman being separated from the herd and given her own designation. Sometimes this works to the writer's advantage, but often not.
But I like the sound of bug magic…
One author I always mention is Suzette Haden Elgin: I think her absolutely fantastic brilliant superb work is completely unnoticed (because it's feminist? because it was published at a certain point, and not kept in print? because of the linguistics? I don't know why, but I've always begrudged the acclaim given to Atwood's “Handmaid's Tale” when I think Elgin's “Native Tongue” does it 10000000 times better in true sf fashion.
Plus, I'm a linguistics geek.
For whatever reason, the discussion doesn't seem to be going anywhere over there, so I'll redo my comment from there here…
I keep stumbling over this one statement:
And it’s a shame if all sf books that feature a few female characters, having female lifes, are labelled feminist, & therefore marked as unreadable by large swathes of the general sf reading public.
My experience (I'm 55, have been reading sff since I was five, am a queer woman, am involved in feminist and critical race efforts in both my academic and fandom life) is that sf by women has been marked as unreadable by a whole lot of men all along (this is ignoring the fact that SF as a genre has been marked as unreadable by a whole lot of the general reading public, though it's doing very well in the movie and gaming venues), well before and during the feminist movement.
I am concerned that somehow some mythical idea of “feminists” were being blamed for it given all the things “strawfeminsts” are continually being blamed for at least in the US (I don't know enough about the UK to say).
I realize the UK sf market is dreadful, but it sounds dreadful for women, not just feminists. And is it as dreadful for women in other genres (mysteries? romance? litfic)?
And I am also resistant to the idea that there is some genre that can be called 'feminist sf' because of textual features generally (given the decades of debates on feminist sf on feminist sf listservs). My current theory is that there is no single essential feature of a text that marks it as feminist–that “feminism” is created by the interaction of reader with text (i.e. I thought Anne McCaffrey's “Weyr search” was a feminist story when I read it at 14 or so). (ETA: But then long years as a literature prof make me wary of canonization.)/ETA
“The Battle of the Sexes” as Justine Larbalestier wrote about so brilliantly can be written about by incredibly misogynistic writers with incredibly sexist results — so just saying “I don't write about the Battle of the Sexes” (Whatever that is, and by some definitions it's not necessarily relevant to me as a queer woman who has a lifetime partnership with a woman) is not the same as saying “I don't write about feminism.”
It's possible to talk about writers who identify as feminists in their lives, and who write feminist theory (Joanna Russ).
I would just like a much more nuanced and careful discussion of the whole topic which I understand is completely impossible on radio shows and talk shows in general, and even on most internet sites.
Oh, and I just have to say, I taught LIFE in my fall graduate seminar on TExts and Genders (which I did from ALL sff, starting with Larbalestier, Merrick and Attebery, then going to a number of contemporary sf and f, because I don't like the sf/f division), and the students were fascinated by it though they kept insisting that somehow it wasn't really science fiction….
Robin Reid
p.s.: irony is that I would not have taught LIFE had I not read the stunning brilliant analysis of it as a feminist text by Helen Merrick…….
robin
Robin, I would love to have been privy to that class!
I am a feminist. (I think any woman with reasonable self-esteem is, whether she knows it or not.) I don't write about women's struggle for equality; I assume it in my fiction, and go on from there. Does that make my work 'feminist'? I think it depends on the reader. Feminist, like queer, is a relative term.
Do I have anybody I'd like to mention today? Sure: Florence Howe. I just finished reading her new memoir, A Life in Motion, and it was fascinating. Howe is a pioneer of women's studies in the US, and one of the founders of The Feminist Press (which, by the bye, has Suzanne Haden Elgin's Native Tongue in print — just sayin'). I read her essays, Myths of Coeducation, years ago, partly I think because I recognized her name from Joanna Russ's How to Suppress Women's Writing. (Which I just reread, after Nicola mentioned it a few weeks back.) But I also have known a lot of feminist academics, so it's possible I'd heard of her from other people as well.
I thought Cheryl Morgan's reference to second wave feminism as, in practice, “sometimes more about equal rights for middle class white women,” while technically accurate, was weasely. Sure, middle class white women sought their rights, as all women should. Is it surprising that their (somewhat) greater access to money, education, and media produced distortion in feminism, and certainly in the way feminism was perceived? But that “sometimes” is a giveaway, because it erases all the work done by non-middle-class, non-white feminists during the “second wave”. (I share Nicola's distrust of “wave” labeling.) Was Audre Lorde a second-wave feminist, for example?
Then you've got women like Howe, who confound the categories. Was she middle-class? Well, she was born to working-poor Jewish parents, and was forced to “correct” her Brooklyn accent when she got to college. She taught in Freedom Schools in Mississippi in the mid-60s, and then took what she'd learned about teaching there to her students back east. Her students at the time were mostly women, but “non-traditional” students: often older, married, mothers, not necessarily from middle-class backgrounds and often not white. When The Feminist Press began, Howe was concerned to find and publish the work not only of women writers, but women writers of color and working-class women writers. (I'm eager now to get to the anthologies of Indian, African, and Asian women writers that the Press commissioned and published from the 1980s on.) Just in general, a lot of academics in the 50s and 60s were of working-class backgrounds but often assumed to be middle-class because they were academics. This — and much else — complicates the caricature of the Second Wave that Morgan deployed in the passage you quoted. I'd expect that her account of the Third Wave is just as flawed, since so much of what I've seen of Third Wave is middle-class white college girls griping about their dull Seconde Wave mothers, though I'm also sure that that's only part of the Wave.
A few years ago the campus GLBT organization was putting together a Midwest conference, and some young kids of color I knew were talking about doing workshops on GLBT writers of color. Great, I said, and began listing some suitable writers I'd read. They'd heard of almost none of them; I, the older promiscuously reading white working-class guy, knew a lot more than they did. Not altogether their fault, of course, since it took me years to do the reading that taught me those names, more years than they'd been alive. And there wasn't (as far as I know) a course at the university which could have introduced them to GLBT writers of color. But most of the queer undergrads I know are barely interested in the history that made a Third Wave possible.
Incidentally, Katha Pollitt did a good column on the alleged Third Wave/Second Wave, which I linked to and quoted here. (Also quoted a great passage from Joannna Russ.)
Promiscuous, thanks for the link to Pollitt (will check it out later). I think you make some good points. However words like 'weasely' and 'caricature' are loaded with emotional connotations, so to see them applied to Cheryl makes me raise my eyebrows. I'll assume good intent. I hope other readers will, too.
Is there an UK equivalent of the Tiptree award and WisCon?
A woman's name on the spine gets my attention. Most of the SFF I purchase has at least some gender interest and is by women, gay men, trans people, intersex person (I think). The Tiptree winner/short/long lists have introduced me to many new or small-press authors, and therefore to small presses. Tiptree lists form my SFF shopping lists; non-Tiptree list purchases are either new or are impulse purchases.
Nancy, no. (As far as I'm aware.) The market isn't big enough to sustain one.